Species coexistence has provoked numerous studies in ecology. Yet an important gap in forests of general flowering (GF) remains unfilled. In Southeast Asian forests, synchronized seed production involving many species that are distantly related. Despite its magnificence, the general flowering phenomenon brings a paradox. Community-wide synchronized seed production brings benefits to participant species via pollination enhancement and satiation of seed predators yet may also lead to competition in seedling establishment and attract enemies. How these effects interact and how species coexist in the complex network remains an intriguing puzzle to ecologists. To investigate mechanisms maintaining species diversity in general flowering forests, I adopted two approaches. First, I investigated levels of synchrony in forest species with data from a long term study in Malaysia. The field data aim at testing evolutionary causes by relating reproductive phenomenon to fruit traits. In the further exploration of positive and negative effects of synchronization, a two species model is constructed. Insights provided by models may serve as a basis for evaluations of new scenes under the changing environments.